Composition of living matter: carbohydrates, fats, proteins, minerals and vitamins. Feed behaviour of wildlife species. Ruminal fermentation. Nutrient metabolism. Characteristics and use of forages and concentrates. Nutritional requirements. Population genetics. Hardy-Weinberg law. Mutation, selection, migration, genetic drift. Relationship and inbreeding. Phylogeny and evolution. Species and speciation. Population size and effective number of population.
Nutrition module:
Bittante G., Andrighetto I., Ramanzin M. - Fondamenti di zootecnica. Liviana, Padova 1990.
Genetics module:
Ferragutti M. Castellacci C. Evoluzione. Modelli e processi. Pearson ed. 2011.
Campbell A.N., Reece J.B. Principi di Biologia. Pearson Ed. 2010.
Additional material provided by the teacher
Learning Objectives
Knowledge acquired:
Principles of feeding and nutrition for wildlife species. Chemical composition, quality and use of the main feedstuffs. Principle of evolution and genetics applied to animal science.
Competence acquired:
Estimation of requirements of animals and nutritive values of feedstuffs.
Planning of feeding schemes.
Knowledge of modern practices of genetics and evolutionary biology.
Skills acquired (at the end of the course): Students should be able to realize feeding plans for the animal species and to estimate the main genetic parameters of a population.
Prerequisites
Courses recommended: Organic chemistry, Wildlife morphology and physiology
Teaching Methods
Number of credits: 9
Total hours of the course (including the time spent in attending lectures, seminars, private study, examinations, etc...):: 9*25=225
Hours reserved to private study and other individual formative activities:153
Contact hours for: Lectures (hours): 48
Contact hours for: Laboratory-field/practice (hours): 18
Seminars (hours): 6
Further information
Frequency of lectures, practice and lab: although not compulsory, it is strongly recommended
Teaching tools
Video projector, PC, overhead projector, experimental farms, labs, informatics room
Type of Assessment
Exam modality: Oral examination on the subjects of lectures and practices.
Course program
Animal nutrition:
Importance and role of animal nutrition. Composition of vegetal and animal living matter: carbohydrates, fats, proteins, minerals and vitamins. Chemical analyses of feedstuffs and fibrous fractions. Feed behavior of wildlife species. Ruminal fermentation of carbohydrates and proteins, protein/energy ratio. Metabolism of nutrients. Energy distribution: GE, DE, ME, Net E. Energy evaluation of feedstuffs: Meat FU and Milk FU. Protein metabolism and evaluation of protein: P.D.I. Forages: harvest forms; pasture, hay, silage. Concentrates and by-products. Nutrient requirements of the main livestock species.
Animal genetics:
The model. Probabilistic and statistic models. Population genetics. Hardy-Weinberg law. Mutation, selection, migration, genetic drift. Relationship and inbreeding. Evolution of populations. Probability and statistics. Genetics of quantitative data, variability, heritability, repeatability and genetic correlations. Phylogeny and evolution. History of the life on Earth and phylogeny. Species and speciation. Origin of the species. Co-evolution. Animal behavior. Population size and effective number of population. Small populations and conservation of animal genetic resources.
PRACTICES:
Feedstuffs chemical analysis following Weende, van Soest. Ruminant and monogastric rations. Farm visits. Data management in wildlife sciences. Descriptive statistics. Common software (text editor – spreadsheet – dbase). Data base creation. Allele Frequency measure. Chi-Square analysis. Graphical representation of data. Analysis of variance and group comparison. Molecular analyses.